Chad, formally known as the Republic of Chad, is a landlocked nation in North and Central Africa. It is bounded to the north by Libya, to the east by Sudan, to the south by the Central African Republic, to the west by Cameroon, to the southwest by Nigeria (at Lake Chad), and to the west by Niger. Chad has a population of 16 million people, with 1.6 million living in N'Djamena, the capital and biggest city.
Chad is divided into three regions: the desert in the north, the dry Sahelian belt in the center, and the more fertile Sudanian Savanna zone in the south. Lake Chad, after which the nation is named, is Africa's second-largest wetland. The official languages of Chad are Arabic and French. It is home to more than 200 ethnic and linguistic communities. The primary faiths practiced in Chad are Islam (51.8%) and Christianity (44.1%).
Human populations arrived into the Chadian basin in large numbers beginning in the seventh millennium BC. By the end of the first millennium AD, Chad's Sahelian strip had seen the birth and fall of a number of governments and empires, each vying for control of the trans-Saharan trade routes that ran through the area. By 1920, France had captured the area and integrated it into French Equatorial Africa. Chad gained independence in 1960 under the leadership of François Tombalbaye. Resentment of his actions resulted in the outbreak of a long-running civil war in the Muslim north in 1965. The rebels took control of the capital in 1979, thereby ending the South's dominion. The rebel leaders then battled each other until Hissène Habré overcame his opponents. The Chadian–Libyan dispute began in 1978 with a Libyan invasion and ended in 1987 with a French military intervention (Operation Épervier). Hissène Habré was deposed by his general Idriss Déby in 1990. In 1991, the Chad National Army was modernized with French assistance. The Darfur conflict in Sudan erupted over the border in 2003, destabilizing the country. Already impoverished, the country and people struggled to house the hundreds of thousands of Sudanese refugees that reside in and around camps in eastern Chad.
While several political parties were represented in Chad's legislature, the Patriotic Salvation Movement held sway under the presidency of Idriss Déby, whose reign was considered as autocratic. Following the assassination of President Déby by FACT rebels in April 2021, the Transitional Military Council commanded by his son Mahamat Déby took control of the country and abolished the Assembly. Chad continues to be plagued by political violence and attempted coups. It is a developing nation that ranks in the bottom of the Human Development Index. Chad is one of the world's poorest and most corrupt nations, with the majority of its people living in poverty as subsistence herders and farmers. Since 2003, crude oil has surpassed the traditional cotton sector as the country's principal source of export profits. Chad has a dismal human rights record, with arbitrary incarceration, extrajudicial murders, and restrictions on civil freedoms committed by both security personnel and armed groups.
Employees are entitled to between 24 and 26 days of paid vacation each year.
New Year’s Day
Easter Monday
May Day
Eid al-Fitr
Eid al-Adha
Independence Day
The Prophet’s Birthday
All Saints’ Day
Proclamation of the Republic
Freedom and Democracy Day
Christmas Day
Employees are entitled to at least five paid sick days a year in most cases.
Female workers are entitled to 14 weeks of half-pay maternity leave, beginning six weeks prior to the due date. For a pregnancy-related condition, this will escalate to three weeks. For up to 15 months after the pregnancy, they are entitled to an hour of rest a day for breastfeeding.
If the infant is born earlier than scheduled, female workers may prolong their maternity leave. If the employee is not enrolled with the National Social Security Fund, the employer is responsible for paying the maternity leave.
Employees who are fathers are entitled to two weeks of paid parental leave.
Other than the already mentioned terms on maternity and paternity leaves, there are no other provisions in the Chad laws regarding parental leave.
Contracts with fixed terms are limited to 24 months and may not be renewed more than once. Employees may be terminated upon completion of the work contract for a specific project, for misbehavior, at the conclusion of a fixed-term contract, or by mutual consent.
The notice period is 8.67 weeks for employees with at least five years of service.
Probationary periods should not exceed 3 months.
Employees who have worked for at least five years are normally entitled to 8.67 weeks of notice and 5.42 weeks of severance compensation in the event of redundancy. Individuals with a minimum of ten years of employment are entitled to 11.9 weeks of severance compensation.
The workweek is limited to 39 hours.
Overtime is limited to 94 hours per year and compensated at a rate agreed upon by the Council of Ministers and the Ministry of Labor and Social Security of Chad.
Chad has a monthly minimum wage of 59,995 CFA francs for all workers in all industries.
Chad has limited access to health care. Health insurance is paid for through the social security tax.
Chadian corporations are subject to a 35% corporate tax rate.
The Corporate Income Tax Rate in Chad is a tax levied on businesses. Its quantity is determined by the net income generated by businesses while conducting their operations, which typically occurs over the course of a single fiscal year. Revenues from the Corporate Tax Rate are a significant source of revenue for the Chadian government.
Individuals in Chad are subject to a 30 percent income tax.
The Personal Income Tax Rate in Chad is a tax levied on people and is levied on several sources of income such as work, pensions, interest, and dividends. Revenues from the Personal Income Tax Rate are a significant source of revenue for the Chadian government.
In Chad, the normal rate of value-added tax (VAT) or goods and services tax (GST) is 18%.
The sales tax rate in Chad is a tax levied on customers depending on the purchase price of certain products and services. Revenues from the Sales Tax Rate are a significant source of revenue for the Chadian government.
Before you begin arranging your trip to Chad, you should inquire about visa requirements. Only nationals of 14 countries are permitted to enter Chad without a visa and remain for up to 90 days. Visas on arrival are possible, but only for those who have received an Entry Authorization letter from the Chadian authorities before to departure. Without such an authorisation letter, only nationals of Benin may acquire a visa on arrival for Chad. The remainder of the nationalities are needed to get a Chad visa before to travel.
The second thing you need to think about is whether you fit the criteria for a Chad visa. The best thing you can do is contact the embassy or diplomatic post where you applied for your visa. Because the information you discover on the internet may be incomplete, you should only use it as a reference. We can inform you, however, that you must have a valid passport that is valid for at least another 6 months from the date of your arrival in Chad.
Another thing to keep in mind is that all passengers must register with the police within 72 hours of their arrival. Failure to do so results in you having to pay a fine.
Employment contracts should be in writing and contain the working location, both parties' addresses, compensation, benefits, work hours, notice period, start and termination dates, if appropriate. A fixed-term contract cannot last more than two years.
Employers may utilize full-time contracts that have a start date but no expiration date. They may also employ fixed-term contracts, which must have a start and end date. These are limited to two years. These contracts are renewable, but the conditions must be specified in the employment contract.
Employers may also utilize particular work employment contracts in which the employee performs a specified job and the contract ends when the project is completed. Seasonal and substitute employment may be included.
Central African CFA franc (XAF)
Before you establish your Chad subsidiary, you need think about a few things. First and foremost, your location is critical since it may affect how soon you can incorporate. Varied cities and regions have different rules governing availability, pricing, and other factors. Choosing a physical office in a place that welcomes foreign investment can make the incorporation process move more smoothly. If you are unfamiliar with the locations of Chad, a lawyer, accountant, or other specialist may assist you in locating the appropriate spot.
Another critical part of establishing a subsidiary is selecting the appropriate company for your business. Various entities have their own Chad subsidiary laws as well. You have the choice of forming a limited liability company (LLC), a public limited company, a branch, or a representative office. Many businesses use the LLC form because it benefits all partners.
The following actions are necessary to establish your Chad subsidiary as an LLC:
1. Creating a duplicate of the articles of incorporation or bylaws
2. Obtaining a General Assembly decision or a Board of Directors decision
3. All firm leaders and owners must provide evidence of identification.
4. Providing criminal records or affidavits demonstrating that executives and owners have no criminal history
5. Obtaining a Resident Visa
6. Getting a lease or a title for your property
7. Photographing the Chief Executive Officer in three different colors
8. Notary and registration costs must be paid.
Chad's subsidiary laws fluctuate depending on area and company. LLCs need at least one director and one shareholder of any country, although corporate directors are not permitted. A minimum paid-up share capital of $2,000 is required. If you earn more than $20,000 in share capital in a year, you must conduct an annual audit.
Although it is not needed, we suggest that you register a local bank account in order to pay personnel from your subsidiary. Setting up a bank account takes around two weeks, while the full Chad subsidiary formation procedure takes roughly 15 weeks.
